Хаотический фазовый переход первого рода переохлажденная жидкость – идеальное стекло

Аннотация

В последние двадцать лет бурно развивается теория «хаотического перехода первого порядка» (ХФП) из переохлажденной жидкости в идеальное стекло. Теория сформулирована таким образом, чтобы описать переход из начального равновесного состояния в конечное метастабильное состояние, не прибегая к рассмотрению промежуточных кинетических процессов. В англоязычной литературе ХФП и его реализация для практически важных молекулярных систем (многокомпонентные жидкости с различными потенциалами межмолекулярного взаимодействия, гелеобразные системы и т. д.) получили бурное развитие, однако в русскоязычной литературе эти исследования практически не отражены. В нашей работе мы приводим обзор публикаций по данному направлению.

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