Synthesis, chromatographic purification, and the use of compounds of the 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids series as growth stimulators of the tomato
Abstract
The purpose of the study was the development of the methodology for the synthesis of 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids, their purification and the effects of pre-sowing treatment of tomato seeds with synthesized organic compounds. Alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl esters of 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids was used to synthesize 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids and a preparative chromatographic method for their purification was developed. A mixture of 0.02 M of the corresponding 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, 20 ml of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and 2 cm3 of isopropyl alcohol was boiled for three hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and 20 cm3 of 10% hydrochloric acid solution was added. The precipitated acid was filtered, washed with water, and dried. The resulting products were purified using preparative column chromatography. For the purification, the substance was dissolved in 10 cm3 of a mixture of chloroform - methanol (20:1) and applied to a column with a diameter of 100 mm, with a height of the sorbent layer of 120 mm. The stationary phase (SP) was silica gel with a fraction of 60-200 μm; the mobile phase (MP) was first used as a mixture of chloroform and methanol (20:1, elution rate 1.6 cm3/min), then, after the impurity was eluted, the target substance was washed off with methanol (elution rate 1.2 cm3/min). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the pure substance was obtained.
Tomato seeds (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were soaked in aqueous suspensions of 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids at concentrations of 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% with an exposure of 18 h and germinated. The cultivation of plants was carried out indoors, then on open ground. The increase in germination, plant height, yield, average weight of the tomato fruit in the experiment relative to the control in % was calculated. The high growth-promoting activity of the synthesized organic compounds was revealed. 2-R-4-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acids at the tested concentrations (0.01-0.1%) increased seed germination, plant height and productivity of tomato. Seed germination of tomato under the influence of synthesized organic substances in tested concentrations (0.01-0.1%) increased from 5.1 to 9.0% relative to control, plant height increased from 28.7 to 54.0%, yield increased from 20.5 to 42.0%, average fruit weight increased from 3.8 to 16.3% relative to control.
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References
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