GC-MS/MS determination of monobutyltin and monophenyltin in seawater
Abstract
The article proposes a method for the determination of monobutyltin and monophenyltin in seawater, including derivatisation of the studied compounds with sodium tetraethylborate, extraction of the derivatives with hexane, and analysis by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. The derivatisation conditions were optimised by changing the pH of the system, the NaBEt4 concentration, and the reaction time. It was found that with a system pH of 4, a NaBEt4 concentration of 2%, and a reaction time of 10 min, the derivatives of the studied organotin compounds were completely formed. When studying the effect of extractant and extraction time on the analyte extraction rates, we found that 2 cm3 of hexane at an extraction time of 2 min ensured quantitative extraction of the analytes. The analytes were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, monitoring selected reactions to achieve high detection sensitivity. We used 3 MRM transitions for each compound (one for a quantitative assessment and two others as confirmatory data) to increase the selectivity of mass spectrometric detection. Under optimised conditions of sample preparation and instrumental detection, we reached the detection limit of 0.3 ng/dm3 and a linear range of 1-100 ng/dm3. The influence of matrix components on the results of determining the target analytes was considered using an internal standard, tetrabutyltin. We tested the proposed method on seawater samples from the Azov Sea (the village Golubitskaya) and the Black Sea (Novorossiysk, grain terminal) pre-conserved with acetic acid. In the analysed seawater samples with salinity values of 6 and 18‰, the content of the studied organotin compounds was below the detection limit. To assess the matrix effects, additions of standard samples were introduced into the samples at three concentration levels (low, medium, high). The results showed that the influence of the matrix components on the determination results was negligible.
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References
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