The study of hydration properties of the superabsobents used in agriculture
Abstract
The aim of this work is study of the hydration properties of the polymeric superabsorbent (SA) used in agrotechnology such as Tverdaya Voda (type I and type II) developed in Voronezh State University and com-mercial products SolidRain (Mexica) AquaSorb (France), AquaSource (Armenia), Aquasin (Russia). The dif-ference between type I and type II for Tverdaya Voda SAs is a kind of the used cross-linker: N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide for type I, and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate for type II. Experiments for swelling ratio, ω, de-termination were carried out in deionized water, 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCl water solutions via weight mode. Found that the maximal swelling ratio is reached in water and acidic medium. Only Tverdaya Voda, type I has the highest ω value in alkaline medium (Table 1). Absorbed water release kinetics was researched via gravime-tric analysis at 65 °C. Established that water loss is rapider after swelling in acidic or alkaline media, but mex-ican SolidRain has dramatically fast water loss after swelling in deionized water (Fig. 1-3). That is why it can’t be used for acid soil. Tverdaya Voda superabsprbents have smooth water loss profile that make their universal material that can be used for all soil type. Tverdaya Voda type I due to the highest swelling ratio in alkaline medium is the most appropriate SA for Voronezh leached chernozem. To sum up, swelling ratio and water release kinetics were researched for some SAs used in agro technology. Found that mexican SolidRain don’t belongs for acid soil, and Tverdaya Voda type I is appropriate for leached soil.
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