Low-temperature separation and concentration in the conditions of the formation of heterogeneous systems (Review)
Abstract
The review considers modern approaches used in the methods of separation and concentration of biologically active compounds under conditions of formation of heterogeneous systems at low temperatures. The factors that improve the efficiency of low-temperature liquid-liquid extraction, cryoconcentration, and extraction freezing are discussed. The scope and capabilities of subambient HPLC are shown. The possible mechanisms of physical and chemical separation processes that are implemented in low temperatures are considered.
In the pharmaceutical and food industries, cryoconcentration of substances from aqueous (organicwater) solutions has received the greatest development from cryometods. The solutions are cooled until ice is formed from water and aqueous (aqueous-organic) solution. The concentration of solutes is observed in the liquid phase. The ice is separated from the liquid phase by centrifugation. The effectiveness of cryoconcentration is increased by repeatedly repeating the freezing of already concentrated solutions, due to the use of shaking and increasing the freezing rate.
With the introduction of a hydrophilic organic solvent into a cooled heterogeneous ice-liquid system (for example acetonitrile) a concentration option, called extraction freezing or liquid-liquid extraction withpartition at low temperature, is implemented. This method turned out to be convenient in the sample preparation of a number of analytes in the analysis by the method of reversed-phase HPLC.
When the temperature drops to -10 ÷ -20°C, the mixture of acetonitrile and water quickly forms a heterogeneous system with two liquid phases, without a phase of ice. The organic lipophilic components are concentrated in a phase enriched in acetonitrile in this case. Low-temperature liquid-liquid extraction using acetonitrile and its mixtures with other organic solvents is also applicable to sample preparation in the HPLC method. Subambient HPLC is most effective in the separation of cis-trans-isomers, tautomers, thermolabile substances. The review examines in detail the manifestations of heterogeneity at the nano-, micro- and macro-levels observed in the process of cooling water-organic mixtures. The conditions for the spinodal decomposition of the liquid phase adjacent to the crystallization front are discussed. The analogies in the mechanism of the redistribution of analytes in the conditions of extraction freezing and hydrophilic liquid chromatography are carried out.
Downloads
References
3. Rudakov O.B., Khorokhordina E.A., Rudakova L.V., Groshev E.N., Vestnik VGU. Seriya: Ximiya. Biologiya. Farmaciya, 2015, No 3, pp. 42-47.
4. Rudakov O.B., Khorokhordina E.A., Preobrazhenskii M.A., Rudakova L.V., Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2016, Vol. 90, No 8, pp. 1665-1668. doi:
10.1134/S0036024416080264
5. Rudakov O.B., Khorokhordina E.A., Preobrazhenskii M.A., Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2017, Vol. 91, No 4, pp. 707-711. doi: 10.7868/S0044453717040264
6. Rudakov O.B., Selemenev V.F., Rudakova L.V., Podolina E.A., Sorbtsionnye i khromatograficheskie protsessy, 2018, Vol. 18, No 4, pp.458-478.
7. Bekhterev V.N., Zhurnal analiticheskoj khimii, 2008, Vol. 63, No 10, pp. 1045-1049.
8. Bekhterev V.N., Gavrilova S.N., Koshkareva E.V., Khimiko-farmacevticheskij zhurnal, 2008, Vol. 42, No 2, pp. 44-46. DOI: 10.30906/0023- 1134-2008-42-2-44-46
9. Bekhterev V.N., Zhurnal analiticheskoj khimii, 2011, Vol. 66, No 6, pp. 608-613.
10. Bekhterev V.N., Sorbtsionnye i khromatograficheskie protsessy, 2015, Vol. 15, No 5, pp.683-692.
11. Bekhterev V.N., Zhurnal fizicheskoj khimii, 2016, Vol. 90, No 10, pp. 1558-1562.
12. Bekhterev V.N., Malyarovskaya V.I., Izvestiya VUZOV. Prikladnaya ximiya i biotexnologiya, 2018, Vol. 8, No 4, pp. 73-82. doi:10.21285/2227-2925-2018-8-4-73-8.
13. Hongcheng Liu, Tao Lin, Jia Mao et al., Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, 2015, Vol. 2015, Art. ID 404925. 6 p. doi :10.1155/2015/404925
14. De Pinho G.P., Neves A.A., de Queiroz M.E.L.R. et al., Food chemistry, 2010, Vol. 121, No1, pp. 251-256. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.080.
15. De Pinho G.P., Neves A.A., de Queiroz M.E.L.R. et al., Food control, 2010, Vol. 21, No 10, pp. 1307-1311. doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.03.006.
16. Goulart S.M., de Queiroz M.E.L.R. et al., Talanta, 2008, Vol. 75, No 5, pp. 1320-1323. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.01.058
17. Khorokhordina E.A., Podolina E.A., Rudakov O.B., Zhidkostnaya e`kstrakciya smeshanny` mi rastvoritelyami. Primenenie v ximicheskom analize fenolov. Saarbrücken. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012, 240 p.
18. Nugbienyo L., Malinina Y., Garmonov S. et al., Talanta, 2017, Vol. 167, pp. 709-713.
19. Podolina E.A., Rudakov O.B., Butlerovskie soobshheniya, 2009, Vol. 15, No 2, pp. 24-36.
20. Tyazhel`nikov S.F., Sovremenny`e problemy`nauki i obrazovaniya, 2012, No 5,https://scienceeducation. ru/ru/article/view?id=6960 (data obrashheniya:16.06.2019).
21. Rusinova A.A., Polezhaev Yu.M. Matern A.I., Analitika i control, 1999, No 4, pp. 4-10.
22. Yacenko O.B., Kotova D.L., Fedorecz A.A., Selemenev V.F., Vestnik TGU, 1999, Vol. 4, No 2, pp. 266.
23. Henderson R.F., Clayton M.H., Federation proceedings, 1975, Vol. 34, No 3, pp. 633.
24. Henderson R.F., Clayton M.H., Federation proceedings, 1976, Vol. 35, No 7, pp. 1503
25. Henderson D.E., Novak F.P., Journal of Chromatographic Science, 1982, Vol. 20, No 6, pp. 256-259.
26. Henderson D.E. Horváth S., Journal of chromatography, 1986, Vol. 368, No 2, pp. 203-213. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)91064-1
27. Henderson D.E. Mello J.A., Journal of Chromatography A, 1990, Vol. 499, pp. 79-88 doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96965-6
28. Yamasaki T., Sakai M., Kanamori T. et al., Chromatographia, 1986, Vol. 21, No 8, pp. 478-479. doi: 10.1007/BF02341274
29. Tret`yakov B.V., Steczyuk E.A., Petrov S.N., Nefrologiya, 2001, Vol. 5, No 2, pp. 78-95.
30. Boehm V., Chromatographia, 1999. Vol. 50. No 9-10, pp. 282-286. doi:10.1007/BF02490829.
31. Gentili A., Dal Bosco, C., Fanali S., Fanali C., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2019, Vol. 164, pp. 759-767. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.042
32. Ohta H., Wlodarczyk E. Piaskowski K. et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2017, Vol. 409, No 14, pp. 3695-3706. doi:10.1007/s00216-017-0313-y
33. Zarzycki P.K., Ohta H., Saito Y., Jinno K., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2008, Vol. 391, No 8, pp. 2793-2801. doi:10.1007/s00216-008-2209-334. Zarzycki P.K., Ohta H., Saito Y., Jinno K., Chromatographia, 2006, Vol. 64, No 1-2, pp. 79-82. doi: 10.1365/s10337-006-0835-5
35. Ghosh P., Chawla B., Joshi P.V., Jaffe S.B., Energy & Fuels, 2006, Vol. 20, No 2, pp. 609-619. DOI: 10.1021/ef0502305
36. Yacenko O.B., Chizhov A.S., Popov A.N., Shul`gin V.A., Kolloidny`j zhurnal, 2012, Vol. 74, No 1, pp. 131-–134.
37. Yacenko O.B., Chizhov A.S., Popov A.N. et al., Kondensirovanny`e sredy` i mezhfazny`e granicy, 2012, Vol. 14, No 1, pp. 114-118.
38. Yacenko O.B., Kotova D.L., Selemenev V.F., Kry`sanova T.A., Zhurnal prikladnoj khimii, 1997, Vol. 70, No 12, pp. 1948-1954.
39. Rudakov O.B., Fedorov V.E., Martynov S.V. et al., Journal of analytical chemistry of the USSR, год, Vol. 46, No 12, pp. 1705-1709.
40. Rudakov O.B., Sedishev I.P., Izvestiya RAN. Seriya ximicheskaya, 2003, Vol. 52, No 1, pp. 52-59.
41. Rudakov O.B., Rudakova L.V., Sorbtsionnye i khromatograficheskie protsessy, 2012, Vol. 12, No 2, pp. 231-239.
42. McConvey I.F., Woods D., Lewis M., Gan Q., Nancarrow P., Org. Process Res. Dev., 2012, Vol. 16, No 4, pp. 612-624.
43. Pence D.N., Tingyue Gu., Separations Technology, 1996, Vol. 6, No 4, pp. 261-264.
44. Zarzycki P.K., Zarzycka M.B., Ślączka M.M., Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2010, Vol. 397, No 3, pp. 905-908.
45. Yesong Gu, Po-Huhg Shih., Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2004, Vol. 35, No 6-7, pp. 592–597.
46. Roach A., Dunlap J., Harte F., Journal of Food Science, 2009, Vol.74, No 2, pp. 23-29.
47. Georgescu B., Georgescu C.E., Animal Biology & Animal Husbandry. International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 2013, Vol. 5, No 2, pp. 171-174.
48. Podolina E.A., Rudakov O.B., Khorokhordina E.A., Grigor`ev A.M., Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2008, Vol. 63, No 6, pp. 548-550. doi:10.1134/S1061934808060063.
49. Rudakov O.B., Khorokhordina E.A., Podolina E.A., Kharitonova L.A., Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2007, Vol. 81, No 12, pp. 2053-2058. doi:10.1134/S0036024407120242
50. Sudipta S., Ashok K.S., Amit K.K. et al., Handbook of Food Bioengineering, 2017, No 4, pp. 65-106.
51. Rahman M.M., Abd El-Aty A.M., Kim S.- W. et al., Journal of separation science, 2017, Vol. 40, No 1, pp. 203-212. doi:10.1002/jssc.201600889
52. Wang B., Ezejias T., Hao Feng, Blaschek H., Chemical Engineering Science, 2008, Vol. 63, No 9, pp. 2595-2600. doi:10.1016/j.ces.2008.02.004.
53. Sxunmakers P. Optimizaciya selektivnostiv xromatografii, M., Mir, 1989, 399 p.
54. Zaxarov A.G., Voronova M.I., BatovD.V., Smirnova K.V., Zhurnal fizicheskoj ximii, 2011, Vol. 85, No 3, pp. 473-478.
55. Monaxova Yu.B., Mushtakova S.P., Kolesnikova S.S., Gribov L.A., Zhurnal analiticheskoj khimii, 2011, Vol. 66, No 1, pp. 56-62.
56. Preobrazhenskij M.A., Rudakov O.B., Rudakova L.V., Popova M.I., Nauchny`j vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo arxitekturnostroitel`
nogo universiteta. Seriya: Fizikoximicheskie problemy` i vy`sokie texnologii stroitel`nogo materialovedeniya, 2015, No 2, pp. 80-89.
57. Gritti F., Guiochon G., Journal of Chromatography A, 2013, Vol. 1302, pp. 55-64. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.001.
58. Iritani E. Katagiri N. Okada K. et al., Separation and purification technology, 2013, Vol. 120, pp. 445-451 doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2013.10.015
59. Fan T.-H., Li, J.-Q., Minatovicz, B., Soha E. Et al., Polymers, 2019, Vol. 11, No 1, No art.10. doi: 10.3390/polym11010010.
60. Amran N.A., Samsuri S., Safiei N.Z., Zakaria Z.. et al., Chemical engineering communications, 2016, Vol. 203, No 7, pp. 957-975. doi:10.1080/00986445.2015.1075982.
