Sorption concentration of phenols from aqueous media by magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers based on N-vinylpyrrolidone (part 2)
Abstract
Chlorophenols and alkylphenols are important phenolic water pollutants. Regulatory requirements for the monitoring of phenolic pollutants (analyte determination at the µg/dm3 level) required the development of numerous methods for the concentration of phenols from aqueous media. Molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs) are widely used to increase the selectivity of determination and extraction of analytes. This work continues the research of the group of authors. Magnetic MIPs were synthesised to increase the selectivity of analyte determination and to reduce solvent consumption.
Previously, we studied the possibility of obtaining a magnetic sorbent with MIPs, where N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) was used as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was used as a crosslinking agent, and phenols (2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, bisphenol-A, п-tert-butylphenol, nonylphenol, tert-nonylphenol, and 4-octylphenol) and their isomers were used as the template molecules. We determined the optimum sorption conditions (the sorbent mass is 10 mg, the solution volume is 10 cm3, pH 2, the sorption equilibrium is achieved in 30 min). Under these conditions, we obtained sorption isotherms and evaluated the sorption capacity of the studied MIPs with respect to phenols. The sorption isotherms were processed using the Langmuir and Freundlich sorption equations. The highest correlation coefficients (r2 of 0.982-0.998) were determined when they were presented in the Langmuir coordinates. The ultimate sorption of the studied phenols ranged from 108.7 to 250.0 mg/g.
In this study, we also evaluated the selectivity of previously obtained magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers based on N-vinylpyrrolidone with imprints of a particular phenol to other compounds of the phenol type. The selectivity coefficients of the polymer with molecular imprints of 2-chlorophenol (MIP-2CP) with respect to the other phenols are rather low and vary in the range of 0.7-1.1. MIP-4NP is characterised by very high selectivity values with respect to all phenols (k=11-30), the maximum k coefficient was determined with respect to 2-NP. It was found that the selectivity coefficients and ultimate sorption depended on the hydrophobicity, which was estimated by Hansch-Leo coefficients (lgP), acid dissociation constants (pКа), and the presence of different substituents in the aromatic core of the phenolic compounds.
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References
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