Influence of the nature of the organic acid salt on the currentvoltage characteristics and electrochemical impedance spectra of anion-exchange membranes
Abstract
To improve the processes of obtaining and isolating organic acids from solutions, it is necessary to understand the processes occurring on heterogeneous and homogeneous anion-exchange membranes in contact with solutions of salts of organic acids when electric current flows through the membrane system.
The purpose of this paper was to study the effect of sodium salts of acetic, malonic, and citric acids on the current-voltage characteristics (CVC) and electrochemical impedance (ECI) spectra of heterogeneous and homogeneous anion-exchangemembranes.
Heterogeneous Ralex AMH (Mega, Czech Republic) and homogeneous Lancytom® AHT (LANRAN, China) membranes in contact with 0.1 mol-eq/L solutions of neutral and acidic sodium salts of acetic, malonic and citric acids were studied. In solutions of neutral salts, the current-voltage characteristics of both membranes have a traditional form typical for mineral salt solutions, with the exception of the homogeneous Lancytom® AHT membrane in a sodium malonate solution. In thelatter case and in solutions of acidic salts of these acids CVC of both membranes are nonlinear at currents less than the limiting. This is caused by proton transfer reactions between water molecules and carboxyl groups of acid anions or acid molecules and, as a result, the rate constant of dissociation of water molecules in solutions of organic acidic salts increased by many orders of magnitude. By the appearance of additional semicircles in the spectra, ECI frequency spectra allow
identifying the occurrence of new processes in the membrane system when an electric current flows through it.
In most cases, the results of impedance measurements of the studied systems are consistent with the results of voltammetry, although the protonation-deprotonation processes in solution with the participation of organic acid anions are not reflected in the frequency spectra of a heterogeneous membrane. This feature may have been caused by a greater intensity of electroconvection near the surface of heterogeneous anion-exchange membranes as compared to homogeneous anionexchange membranes
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