Phase diagram of the system Na2SO4 – In2(SO4)3. Comparative analysis of Na2SO4 – R2(SO4)3 systems (R = Al, Ga, Fe, In, Sc, Yb)

Vera Yu. Proydakova; Valery V. Voronov; Sergey V. Kuznetsov; Ivan N. Nekrylov; Alexander Y. Zavrazhnov; Pavel P. Fedorov

doi:10.17308/kcmf.2025.27/12805

Vera Yu. Proydakova Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8017-9175
Valery V. Voronov Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5029-8560
Sergey V. Kuznetsov Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-1106
Ivan N. Nekrylov Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl., Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4491-4739
Alexander Y. Zavrazhnov Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl., Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0241-834X
Pavel P. Fedorov Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-3926

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2025.27/12805

Keywords: Sodium sulfate, Indium sulfate, Aluminum sulfate, Gallium sulfate, Iron sulfate, Scandium sulfate, Ytterbium sulfate, Phase diagrams, Solid solutions, Isomorphism

Abstract

Purpose: The phase diagram of the system of sodium sulfate with indium sulfate has been studied for the first time.

Experimental: Thermal and X-ray phase analysis (XRD) techniques, including high-temperature analysis, were used.

Conclusions: In the Na₂SO₄ - In₂(SO₄)₃ system determined a several substances. The NaInSO4 compound incongruently melted at 800 °C. The Na₃In(SO₄)₃ compound has polymorphic transformations at 210 and 580 °C, and decomposes in the solid state at 680 °C. The compound containing 7±1 mol. % In2(SO4)3 (φ phase), changing to the solid solution at 540 °C. The eutectic coordinates are 710 °C, 18 mol. % In2(SO4)3. The solid solution region based on α-Na₂SO₄ is 11±1 mol. % In₂(SO₄)₃. The solid solution melting curves show a maximum at 895 °C and 3 mol. % In₂(SO₄)₃. According to XRD data, the NaInSO₄ compound crystallizes in the structural type of javapaite - KFe(SO₄)₂ (monoclinic space group (C²/m) with lattice parameters a = 8.024 Å, b = 5.069 Å, c = 7.211 Å, β = 90.6°), and is isostructural to compounds of similar composition with aluminum, gallium, iron, chromium, vanadium and rhodium sulfates. Low-temperature modification Na₃In(SO₄)₃ crystallizes in trigonal space group (R-3) with lattice parameters a = 13.970 Å, c = 8.871 Å), and is isostructurally similar to similar compounds with sulfates of aluminum, gallium, iron (III), vanadium, rhodium, scandium. X-ray diffraction pattern of the mid-temperature modification Na₃In(SO₄)₃ is indexed in monoclinic space group (P21/c) with lattice parameters a = 16.187(4) Å, b = 13.584(3) Å,
c = 9.639(2) Å, β = 91.6°. The X-ray diagram of the φ phase is indexed in monoclinic space group (P21/c) with lattice parameters a = 7.836 Å, b = 14.845 Å, c = 4.57 Å, β = 91.14º

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Author Biographies

Vera Yu. Proydakova, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Research Fellow, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
(Moscow, Russian Federation)

Valery V. Voronov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Leading Researcher, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the
Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russian Federation)

Sergey V. Kuznetsov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Head of the Laboratory at the Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the
Russian Academy of Science (Moscow, Russian Federation)

Ivan N. Nekrylov, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl., Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation

Department Assistant at the Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Voronezh State University (Voronezh, Russian Federation)

Alexander Y. Zavrazhnov, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl., Voronezh 394018, Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor at the Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry,
Voronezh State University (Voronezh, Russian Federation)

Pavel P. Fedorov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova st., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Full Professor, Chief Researcher, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the
Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russian Federation)

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