Study of the profile of free amino acids of sea buckthorn fruits of various varieties by thin layer chromatography

Abstract

Amino acids (AA) is one of the most common groups of compounds in plants. A potential source of
AAs are the fruit of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnоides L.) (SB). This plant is popular among people of
different countries due to its useful properties and is widely used in official and traditional medicine. Fruitbased sea buckthorn oil serves as a raw material for the production of various drugs used in gynaecology, ophthalmology, dermatology, and gastroenterology. Thanks to the rich complex of biologically active substances, the interest in this plant is steadily increasing, which contributes to its use not only in the field of cosmetic and food industries, but also in pharmacy where it can be applied to create new home-produced herbal medicines.
This article investigates into the amino acid profile of dried buckthorn fruit of several varieties (Stolichnaya,
Galerit, Ryabinovaya, Amateur Botanical, Botanical, Trofimovskaya, Student, Botanical Aromatic,
Krasnokarminovaya, Nivelena). The study of the amino acid profile revealed that the obtained chromatograms are identical for different varieties of dried SB fruit. The applied eluent system yielded satisfactory separation of chromotographic zones of AAs, as the selectivity coefficient is above 1. It was found that dried SB fruits of different varieties have 3 irreplaceable AAs (arginine, valine, phenylalanine) and 3 replaceable AAs (proline, glutamic acid, glycine). According to published data, the unidentified zone most likely belongs to lysine. The obtained TLC-profile of the amino acid composition can be used to assess positive qualities of this plant material used for the production of drugs.