PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE ORGANOMINERAL ADDITIVES FOR CONCRETE
Abstract
The article presents physicochemical approaches to the investigation and development of effective organomineral additives for regulating the properties of concrete mixtures and concrete. The subjects of the research were the physicochemical properties of mineral and organic components of organomineral additives and their influence on the processes of formation of the structure of cement systems. The methodology of the work provides for the development of classification groups of components of organomineral additives and the specification of factors that determine their effectiveness for regulating the properties of concrete mixtures and concretes. It is shown that for mineral components the factors determining the effectiveness of their use in the composition of organomineral additives. are the composition, structure and properties of the surface of particles of the solid phase. The determining factors for organic components are surface-active properties. It is shown that the factors determining the effectiveness of the use of mineral components as additives are the composition, structure and properties of the surface of particles of the solid phase. Determining factors for organic components are surface-active properties.
As a result of the research, the raw materials base of mineral components of organo-mineral additives has been expanded due to the use of natural resources of sedimentary and volcanic origin, as well as some man-made materials. As the organic components of additives the plasticizing surfactants of various nature: a complex plasticizing air-entraining admixture based on polymethylene-β-naphthalenesulfonates and other air-entraining components, as well as a plasticizing additive based on polycarboxylates were used. The possibility of maintaining the effectiveness of a polycarboxylate plasticizer in the composition of organomineralic additives is shown when it is replaced by up to 30% for more accessible chemical raw materials having a similar chemical structure.
The application of physicochemical methods of research made it possible to deepen the scientific understanding of the effect of the nature, dispersion, structure and properties of the surface of solid phase particles of mineral components of organomineral additives on the formation of heterogeneous cement systems. The data of electron microscopy showed the relationship between the results of physical and mechanical tests of cement stone with its microstructure and the properties of mineral components. It is established that the application of the developed effective organomineral additives allows to modify the structure and improve the physical and technical properties of concrete. Strength of cement stone modified by the developed organomineral additives is 1.7 - 2.3 times higher than the strength of cement stone without additives, while in the structure a microporous system favorable for frost resistance is formed.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The reported study was supported by grant the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No. 18-29-19033 mk
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References
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