Linguistic and cultural realities and its role in the representation of textual information (on the material of the novel by G. SH. Yakhina “My children”)

Abstract

The article examines the ways of representation of various linguistic and cultural realities in the novel by G. S. Yakhina “My Children". Realities depend on the contextual environment and are related to the content types of text information. The main task of the research is to analyze the features and patterns of specific language units that are most important for the adequate perception of culturally marked text, and is determined by the need to develop the concept of artistic reality. In the structure of the lexical meaning of language units, the presence of a cultural component is still a matter of discussion. The relevance of the analysis of realities as a means of fixing ethno-cultural memory is determined by the need to study the code of culture as a reflection of the mentality, system of concepts and values of a particular ethnic group. Realities, interacting with other language means and enriching themselves with contextual environment, can be both explicit and hidden carriers of specific information. Relative or hidden realities show its linguistic and cultural capabilities only in context. Realities associated with a number of textual associations that help to decipher their cultural code and correctly interpret the transmitted information. As a result of the research, it was revealed that in G. S.Yakhina's novel "My Children" natural and geographical realities, anthroponyms, everyday realities, the realities of the so-called "cultural fund", the realities of leading national concepts, as well as historical and socio-political realities are actively functioning. Cultural units of lexical are analyzed to determine the type of textual information transmitted: conceptual, factual, and aesthetic. Conceptual information of cultural realities nature is directly related to the representation of the systemforming concept Gnadental in the text, which is organized by means of lexemes that represent the realities of the German ethnic group. The actual information transmitted in the text is directly and indirectly related to historical realities, facts and events that reflect the author's artistic picture of the world, represent the author's position and ideology. Aesthetic information is formed as a result of the interaction of the «cultural code» of the text with the realities of the «cultural fund», presented in the form of literary and folk characters, titles of works and/or through allusions and reminiscences, associative connection with various precedent sources. The results of this research can be applied in further work with culturally and nationally marked vocabulary, including in the translation aspect. The study of methods and techniques for transmitting cultural-specific information in literary and artistic discourse is also considered promising.