Evaluation of Russian and international practices of outlining strategies for city development
Abstract
Subject: strategic planning of the city development in Russian and international practices.
Objectives: To identify peculiarities and achievements of modern practices of outlining development strategies for cites in Russia and foreign countries.
Methods. The authors used the method of content analysis to consider city development strategies, the method of comparative analysis to study the development areas and key tasks with regard to items of strategic planning and management tools required for their solution. The analysis database includes the strategies for the social and economic development of Voronezh, Kazan, Kaliningrad, Magnitogorsk, Novosibirsk, Penza, Rostov-on-Don, Tver, Tolyatti, Ulan-Ude, which were developed in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law of the Russian Federation No.172 of June 28, 2014 “On the strategic planning in the Russian Federation” as well as strategies for the development of foreign cities: Bristol and Glasgow (UK), Leipzig (Germany), Mississauga and Montreal (Canada), Auckland (USA), and Tampere (Finland).
Results. The positive aspects of the strategic planning practices include active participation of various groups of stakeholders in the development of strategic documents and a high level of diversity of tools that ensure such participation (foreign practice), a wide range of tasks for developing strategies, including assessment of the achieved goals, the justification of the mission, priorities, and tasks for the development of territories, assessment of the total potential of the city's development, establishment of its competitive advantages, determination of goal achievement indicators and the mechanism of strategy implementation, and assessment of the necessary financial resources (practices of advanced Russian cities). Another positive development is the introduction of new tools of public administration included into the plans within a number of municipal strategies: proactive budgeting, city fund of educational innovations, marketing plan of the city, “tax holidays” for newly registered individual entrepreneurs, agreements and contracts with other cities, city bonds for infrastructure development, crowdfunding, the Science Town in the field of information technologies with benefits characteristic of special economic zones, interactive digital monitoring based on geolocation of urban facilities, coworkings for innovative and creative entrepreneurship, project office for the implementation of digital economy tools, private-public fund of seed investments, and tax benefits for social entrepreneurs (practices of advanced Russian cities).
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